Wrinkle Free Wedding Sarees

Wrinkle Free Wedding Sarees


One often hears that silk sarees are great to wear but end up wrinkled all too soon making the lady appear disheveled on any important day be it a day of festivals or events such as engagements, weddings or even formal corporate occasions. All that is now a thing of the past.


Sri Palam Silk Sarees, has announced the launch of yet another innovative concept in pure handloom silk sarees. Wrinkle Free Wedding Collection Silk Sarees … for that fresh look and feel all day long, despite the hustle and bustle of the festive day or a highly charged intense activity day. This new introduction is set to herald the arrival of the festive season, beginning with the sacred Navaratri and conclude with Pongal.

“She is not required to be overly cautious. She would be able to go through even a day long wedding rituals without being nervous about her saree getting crumpled or worrying about her saree looking wrinkled just after the first session of rituals” says Ms Jeyashree Ravi, the chief designer and promoter of Sri Palam Silk Sarees.

“This is a saree specially woven to suit today’s bride. Its woven with specially made finest pure silk yarn, to give the saree the soft touch and smooth finish that is hard to find in a brocade wedding silk saree. It requires skilled craftsmanship that has been handed down the generations to weave such grandeur and wrinkle free feel in silk. This soft finish prevents the saree from getting wrinkled or crumpled while wearing. So the bride can look grand, elegant and neat throughout even a day long ceremony” concludes Jeyashree.

Wrinkle free pure handloom silk sarees are available at prices upwards of Rs 17,000.


http://www.chennaionline.com/City360/LifeStyle/20095519105506/Now-Wrinkle-Free-Wedding-Sarees.col

WEDDING PHOTOGRAPHY

WEDDING PHOTOGRAPHY


“Photos your photographer won’t take at your wedding….unless you ask for them!”


It has been my experience, with 40 years as a wedding photographer, that the most forgotten people when it comes to photos at a wedding are often the individual parents of the bride and/or groom.


Most photographers will be sure to include the parents in photos with the bride and groom, but most will never think to inquire about doing groups of the individual dads of the bride or groom with all his brothers and sisters who are present at the wedding. And of course, the same is true with the individual moms of the bridal couple, too.


While you’re getting these photos taken, be sure to include any parents and grandparents of those brothers and sisters that are there, too, to capture their entire core family group in photos.


A wedding is almost the perfect place to take these kind of photos with the individual parents and their siblings. Everyone in the families has gathered for the big event, many times from far flung regions of the country.


Their child’s wedding may well be the first time the brothers and sisters have gotten together in years. It may be many years in the future before they are ever together again. If the opportunity to take these group photos is passed over because nobody thought much about the importance of this fleeting opportunity, then those photos may end up never being captured. These photos often turn out to be the most important and most appreciated of all the photos I take regularly at the wedding.


I’d be willing to bet that less than 10 percent of wedding photographers plying their trade today know to get these photos for you. You will have to specifically ask for them to be taken, or they just won’t be done!


Other important people that most photographers will probably overlook photographing for you at the wedding, unless you give them your written photo request list, are the bride and/or groom’s god parents, groups of the bride and/or groom’s co-workers, high school friends, youth camp friends, fellow fraternity and sorority members, fellow sports team members for high school or college.


The one thing no wedding photographer can do is look at a room full of total strangers and figure out how they interlock with each other just by looking! I gave up trying to do that after photographing my very first wedding 40 years ago!


Now I send each bride an email before the wedding requesting exactly this sort of information, so that I don’t end up missing anyone of importance to the bridal couple on their special day.


You will want to see to it that your wedding photographer is thoroughly armed with this often overlook information, so that they will get these photos for you.


Remember, your wedding photographer can’t read your mind when it comes to who among those present on your wedding are important to you and need to be photographed with you.


You might also help make getting these photos easier for your photographer by making sure that the people who are going to be included in these special group photos are told to be available for the photos being taken when the other groups are done…either before or immediately after the wedding ceremony.


You will not want to be trying to pull these groups together at the reception, because getting them all together at the same time at the reception is often one of the most difficult things you’ll do on your wedding day. It is better to avoid doing these photos at the reception altogether, if possible and get them done early in the day.


Also, be sure that all the people to be included in your photos know to stay in the room the photos are being taken until all the groups are done. If someone slips off because they think they are through being photographed and it turns out that they are needed for an impromptu additional last minute group request, everything grinds to a halt photo-wised, until someone tracks them down and brings the back.


If you aren’t careful, this could be repeated over and over again as various people slip outside for a smoke or to use the restroom after their group as been taken. When this happens, it can extend the time needed for the photos by as much as an extra half hour…and that time is probably cutting into your reception time, too.


A lot of churches today have church services scheduled pretty soon after the wedding concludes, so many times the photographer ends up being rushed time wise on getting the group photos for you. I’ve had priests tell me immediately after the receiving line concludes, “You have only 20 minutes to get all your groups done. We’ve got a church service starting soon.”


In my email to be bride before the wedding date, I always try to avoid having this happen by asking if there is a church service planned for after the wedding…and, if so, how soon will it begin after the wedding . I point out that everyone will need to RUSH back in immediately if we are crowded for time by the church. Don’t let others complicate it for your photographer by them slipping out of the room before all the group photos are taken.



Author: Ericka Smith

Making arrangements for the marriage

Making arrangements for the marriage by the bride's parents -Some points.

(It is final part of Iyer Marriages - Rites & Rituals - 8 by P R Ramachander)


The iyer marriages (98%) of the rites and rituals are arranged by the bride's father. Since this is a complex duty , some of the arrangements , which he should not lose sight of are mentioned here:-



1. Preliminary Discussion with the Bridegroom’s parents.

The bride’s father should discuss the following points with the groom’s father preferably after the Nischayathartham performed in the groom's house: -


a. Suitable and convenient date for the marriage (He should also take in to consideration the convenience of the bride and her mother)

b. Dowry, ornaments, vessels and other items expected by the groom’s family.

c. The amount of money needed to be paid for the suit to be worn by the groom during reception.

d. Ring size of the groom .

e. Slipper size of the groom.

f. Design of the Thali (What pattern has to be inscribed on it)

g. Approximate number of guests accompanying the groom.

h. The Cheer .This should include the number of large Murukkus (With Vari number), muthuswaram, Laddu, Neyyappam or Adhirasam, Mysorepak and quantity of Thirattupal. Also the number of packets of Small murukku and two sweets each packed separately in cover .(this is for distribution of the groom's party to their relatives and friends. Any special demand by the groom's party should be noted.

i. Find out whether they would bring their own Vadhyar and if not whether it is necessary to arrange a separate Vadhyar for them locally.

j.Request them to inform their travel plan sufficiently early.

k.Exact name of the grooms father , mother and groom for printing the marriage invitation by the brides family. Care should be taken to print the name of the groom and bride as they appear in their passport , if they are going abroad after the marriage.

l.Find out the addresses of their close relatives to whom invitation letters have to be posted by the bride's father.

m.The number of copy of the full set of Albums and Video cassettes required by them.If the groom lives abroad find out whether , it has to be in what mode and whether they require it in a CD.

n.Find out whether they require any hotel rooms to be booked for the groom's friends and other VIPs.



2. Fixing up of a hall.

This is possibly one of the very important aspects of the work to be done. Most of the good halls are booked very early. If necessary help of few friends who have their own vehicles can be requested. The major consideration is the number of guests expected to attend the function, the timing of the Vritham, Nischayathartham, Marriage reception and the travel programme of the groom's family. Since most of the Groom's relatives and friends are new to the place where marriage is conducted, sufficient accommodation should be available in the Hal. If it is not available alternate accommodation has to be searched. Once the hall is located and available on the day of the marriage, it should be booked for a minimum of two days. It is important to find out from the manager of the hall

a. Number of Chairs available in the hall

b. The number of chairs available in the dining hall

c. The number of rooms available (whether all of them have attached bath rooms and if not the number of common bath rooms),Personally inspect how neat they are. Also find out whether hot water facility for bath is available.

d. Whether they will provide the vessels and stow with the hall free?

e. Whether there is a generator in the hall?

f. Whether there is provision for extra decoration with them?

g. Whether they have a swing for the Oonchal ceremony?

h. Whether they have Homa Kunda for performing homa.

i. The number of servants who are available with the hall and their remuneration.

j. The number of cars that can be parked inside the compound.

k. At what time the hall will be handed over to them and when it has to be handed back.

Before leaving find out the correct name , address, telephone number, telegram address if any of the hall and also the transport facility to the hall from different parts of the town. Make a list of bus numbers passing near by.


3. Fixing the Marriage contractor.

Nowadays it has become a practice to fix up the cook cum contractor to help us conduct the marriage. He normally takes care of the food aspect of the marriage function .He also supplies the Cheer to be given, fixes the Nadaswaram, supplies all the traditional necessities of the marriages during the marriage including flowers. Once a good contractor who is not too busy on the day of marriage is located, you have to inform him:-

1.The menu for breakfast, lunch, tiffin time and dinner for the two days of the marriage and approximate number of expected guests during each time. Normally one of these times the marriage reception will be held. Detailed menu for the reception also should be told to him.

2.He should be told about the cheer items to be supplied to the Sambandi as well as the requirements for the bride's family.

3.He should be told about the number of Kuttis which he has to supply along with specification of the filling like cashew nut, boondhi, paruppu thengai etc.

He would normally take charge of the following items:-

1. Mangala Vadhyam

2. Flowers , garlands as required

3. Materials required by the priests

4. Thamboolam packets for the guests attending the marriage

5. Coconuts for Sambandhi

6. Putting of Kolams as and when required

7. Materials for Arathi , Pachaipudi

Some of them will also arrange

1.Photographer and video coverage

2.Decoration of the hall

It is essential at this stage to make extensive consultation with friends or relatives who have already arranged marriages so that the contract money be fixed at reasonable limits.

4. Fixing the priest to conduct the marriage.

If the marriage is being arranged in our normal place of residence, the priest would necessarily be our family priest. If not through known people we have to fix the priest. He would be the best person to fix up the muhurtham lagnam for the marriage. The contract rate for him to conduct the marriage (bride's party) should be also settled at that time. If the groom's party wanted us to arrange a priest for them , the same priest could be told about that also.


5. Printing of marriage invitations

It is essential to know about the name of the groom and his parents clearly before this is attempted. The groom should be asked whether he wants his qualification and designation should be put in the invitation .It is extremely important to spell the name of the groom and bride as it appears in the passport, if they are intending to get visa to a foreign country. Any good printing house will have several models and a suitable invitation could be chosen. Some families believe in printing a traditional invitation in Tamil apart from the regular invitations. If this is necessary , arrangements should be made for that also.

If it is proposed to have a music concert during the reception, the artist concerned should be contacted and fixed before printing the invitation.


5.(a) Purchase of silk saris for the bride and others

This is a very important purchase. It is necessary to decide where these are to be taken. Apart from the 9 yards Koorai Pudavai , a minimum of 4 saris for the following occasions have to be taken:-

1.Nischayathartham

2. Kannoonchal

3. Shanthi Muhurtham

4. Thozhi Pongal


It is also customary to buy a silk sari for the mother of the bride, brides sisters, her brother's wives, Mami and Athai. Also a sambandi Pudavai for the groom's mother has to be purchased. Little girl children of the family also get Pattu Pavadai. In view of the economy, it is preferable to purchase all these at this time.


5(b) Purchase of Veshti and Uttariyam for the groom and Materials for Kasi Yatrai


The groom has to be given a Pattu Veshti and Uttariyam.Vratha Pattu) .Besides Two grand Veshtis with lot of zari border (cotton) has to be purchased for him to wear during Kasi Yatrai.One more extra set of Veshti has to be presented to him .
For Kasi yatrai , it is necessary to purchase an umbrella, a walking stick, a hand held fan, a holy book and slippers.

6. Making of the thali

It is a custom to give order for this on a shubha muhurtham day. In olden times the gold smiths used to come to the bride's house and start melting the gold during a muhurtham. Apart from the two thalis the other paraphernalia like Gold Kundoos also should be made.

7. Ordering for jewels

Most of the families do have all the necessary jewels for the bride .It may be necessary to give them a special polish. It may also be necessary to make a few more ornaments for the bride based on modern fashion. Since most of the girls transfer the thali from the yellow Kayiru to a Kodi after the marriage, it is necessary to make one such kodi, with a provision for putting the thalis in that.

It is necessary at this time to order for a ring to the groom. Most families also put a gold chain to him during the Nischayathartham.

It is also necessary to have a pair of Pudupanam for the Dharma Virtual function. If not available two small gold coins of the least weight possible can be got made.


8. Silver vessels

Most of the groom's parents expect a few silver vessels.The most essential are panchapathram and Uddarani for the groom, silver lamp(some families insist on a pair of lamps) and silver Kukuma Chimizh. It is also essential to purchase two silver cups called Madhuparka Kinnam.

In addition a silver plate for taking meals for the bride and the groom is also is usually given. Two small silver cups for receiving and drinking Palum Pazhamam would avoid lot of problem when this ceremony is going on.


9. Brass vessels

For the Oonchal, it is necessary to buy two lamps, two thambalams and two Chombus made of brass.


10. Purchasing of mats.

It is a custom to inscribe the names of the bride and groom on the mat given during the marriage. If this is decided upon , then it is necessary to get them made. This is available only in few centers of Kerala and Tamil Nadu. But if ordinary mats only are to be given, these are readily available.


11. Posting of Invitations

This is a very time consuming job. Close relatives expect a personal letter along with the invitation. Nowadays it is got separately printed. It is better to consult as many relatives and friends as possible so that no important person is missed from the list of invitees.

It is also necessary to identify the persons to whom the special invitations printed in Tamil have to be sent.

A personal hand written letter has to accompany the invitations being send to very senior elders of the family.

It is a custom to personally go to the Groom's parents house along with Coconut, Thamboola , flowers etc and inform them of the marriage. If any brides relations stay near the place of the groom they can do it on behalf of the bride's parents.

If there are any near relatives of the groom staying in the same town as the bride's parents, they also should be invited personally with coconut, thamboola and flowers.


12. Arrangement for a photo and videographer

It is necessary to get a professional who has covered iyer marriages before. Unless this is done, it would be necessary to put along with him somebody who is conversant with the marriage function, so that the function is covered nicely. It is necessary at this stage to tell the photographer the number of rolls that he has to expose. Taking a picture does not mean it has to be printed. A professional can give only few best photos of each occasion. The videographer has to be told, the number of copies that he has to make. If it has to be copied in a CD, this again has to be told to him.


13. Arrangement of Transport.

Though a transport contractor has to picked up based on the charges as well as the number of good vehicles he has, the micro arrangements have to be made only a day before the marriage. If the grooms party is arriving together, it may be necessary to hire a van. If not a two or three cars will suffice. But it is important to note that adequate arrangements should be made to give transport to the groom's pary. It would be better to give them control of the vehicle, so that they can use it as and when they like.


14. Inviting local guests

This is another aspect of the marriage which is very strenuous and needs lot of planning. Initially a list of people should be made and then each and every one of the house should be asked to go through it. Later a detailed plan as well as a time table should be drawn up. If older relatives like brothers or sisters or sons and daughters who are married live with you or in the same town, they can be asked to share this onerous work. They can invite on behalf of you. Nowadays, more and more use of the telephone is being made. The invitations can be posted as usual and can be followed up by a telephone conversations.


15. Purchase of presents to near relatives and honoured guests.

This is another item that needs detailed planning. Normally the elder and old enough younger sisters of the bride, her sister in laws are presented with a silk sari for the marriage. The budget depends on our capacity to spend. Similarly it is also a custom to present saris to the paternal and maternal aunts. It is also necessary to purchase suitable presents to the cousins of the bride. Sometimes cash present is made to them, so that they can choose their own presents. It has also become customary to give token presents to all women guests during the marriage. But all these need to be discussed among the nearest family members and decision taken based on our capacity to spend.

It is also a custom to present very close male relatives with Veshti and Uttariyam.The requirement should be estimated and sufficient quantity purchased.


16. Contacting the Grooms party and finding out their travel plans.

Since the groom's party normally comes from some other place, it is necessary to receive as many of them as possible and provide them transport to the hall. So a very clear timetable of their arrival should be drawn up. It would also be necessary to ask them whether they need any arrangements made for their return reservations.


17. Sumangali Prarthanai

This is normally observed before the marriage. Arrangements of the function and its conduct vary from family to family. This should be conducted according to the family traditions. But normally a 9 yards sari is taken and presented to one of the sumangalis and one Pavadai is presented to a the girl invitee.


18. Arranging for a beautician

Most of the brides want to be made up by a talented beautician of their choice for the reception. If this is so, her time should be booked. If the beautician can come and do her job at the hall itself. There is nothing better. Before this the brides do decorate their hands with Mehandhi (marudhani) .If there is no expert in the family circles, arrangements for this also needs to be made.


19. Two days before the marriage.

Close relatives would start arriving from various destinations to the marriage. It is necessary to accommodate them properly and look after them. Since most of them are closely related it is hoped they would not mind some slight discomforts. It is better to employ a cook to take care of the cooking in the house on this day, so that the bride's parents are available to look after last minute final details and also to look after several guests. If closely related relatives come forward, they can be entrusted with different aspects of the marriage like transport, looking after Sambandi, etc.

It is essential to procure sufficient number of locks and duplicate keys to the different rooms in the hall. Since the grooms party are to be properly looked after, it is better to keep a few pieces of toilet soaps, combs, mirrors, tooth brushes, paste, kumkum tins, Vibhuthi, use and throw shaving sticks etc. this is to help those people who forget these things while coming to the marriage. If the hall does not provide beds, bedspreads, pillows etc, arrangements should be made to hire these also. A very detailed plan of the programme for the next two days should be drawn up and individual responsibilities assigned. Also all things to be taken to the hall are to be packed properly.

If the vritham is the next day morning, the toilet items purchased for the groom along with oil , Payaru, Vellam and sweet should reach the grooms party early in the morning and is traditionally given by the aunt of the bride. Nowadays it is a custom to give a full toilet set to the groom during this occasion. This should consist of toothbrush, toothpaste, Shaving set, mirror, toilet powder, hair oil and comb.

This is also the time for the lady of the house to plan as to the responsibilities like palikai, oonchal, arathi etc to the different female relatives.


20. One day before the marriage

This day could be extremely busy, if the vritham is on this day morning and the repetition is being held in the evening. If these are not there the day would not be hat tight.

The most important activity is to receive the groom's party in a proper way. As soon as they get down from the car, the groom's parents are to be honourably received with Thirattu pal, thamboolam, coconut etc along with mangala vadhyam. The groom should be garlanded during the occasion by the bride's father or her brother. Also Arathi should be arranged to prevent evil eyes. Then they should be lead to their quarters and made comfortable. If there is Vritham, they should be called to that function in a traditional manner with coconuts and paruppu thengai kutti. It is normal t observe the Kappu Kattal to the bride simultaneously. If this is only next day, then arrangements should be made for their breakfast and then lunch.

Normally the first function is Mappilai Azhaippu and Nischayathartham. A decorated car has to be got ready for the Mappilai Azaippu.Normally this is not included in the contractors duties. A near by temple also has to be identified and the priest of the temple informed in advance for the Pooja.It is important to see that the VIPs of the grooms side are escorted to this function in a proper way. Old people have to be provided transport.

If the reception is held after the Nischayathartham , then the beautician should be forewarned about the timings, Either she should be brought to the hall or the bride taken to her place in time.

The guests for the reception should be received at the entrance by a very small group consisting of members from both bride's and groom's side. Teen age or younger girls belonging to both families do mostly this. Both families should assign some one elder to recognize the VIPs arriving to the function. It is necessary to introduce the bride's family guests to the groom and very important ones to his parents. For this purpose the bride's parents should always be near the stage. It is better to entrust other important responsibility like accompanying the guests to the dinner etc to other relatives and friends. Most of these guests will not be coming for the marriage. So it is essential that the Thamboola packets be distributed to them while they are leaving.

If the Vritham has not taken place that day, it is essential to see that the materials for Vritham to the groom reaches them before they retire.


21. The day of the marriage.

Most of the functions on this day would go like clock work , thanks to the experienced contractors and priests. But it is essential that all guests are received properly and given break fast if they come early. It is also essential to enquire from the groom's side as to any problem they face and solve it. The bride's parents would be extremely tied up with the ceremonies for most of the forenoon (till Mangalya Dharanam) .So it is essential to identify capable people and delegate responsibilities to them. The bride's mother has to decide as to who will participate in the Oonchal and Paligai from her side. She should ask the groom's mother to nominate 2 members from her side who will participate in the paligai from her side.


She should also think in advance the people from her side who will participate in the paligai in the goom's side.It is also essential that she decides in advance about her relatives who will participate in the alathi in different occasions. She should also keep an experienced lady relative in tying 9 yards sari to the bride. She should also delegate the responsibility of giving presents to her friends after the end of the function to her friends and relatives.

Early morning the veshtis and Uttariyams purchased should be distributed to the male relatives, Similarly the saris purchased also needs to be distributed. This is either done in an informal way by simply handing it over to them or ask the eldest member of the brides relatives to hand it over individually in a formal function. One male relative should be entrusted with expenditure and receipt of money. As and when sudden demands are there for cash, he should be in a position to meet it. He also should receive all cash presents and neatly account it. He would hand over to the priest the cash presents to the sister of the groom who ties the second and third knots of the thali .This is normally the same amount as the groom's party gives to the brother of the bride after laja homam. Other expected expenditures are Sambhavana for the Mutts and various small amounts of dakshinas as directed by the priest.

All the preliminary purchases made for various functions should be available in the hall. It is essential to see that the coconuts , thamboola bags and cheer items to the groom's party handed over to their representative in time.

Immediately after the marriage the groom and bride are taken to the groom's quarters and brides house for giving them Palum Pazhamum. Somebody should be deputed to go to the house slightly early and make it presentable to receive the guests. After that the registration of the marriage should be done. This can be done easily , if preliminary arrangements are made for the same. If by chance the groom and bride are little delayed, their lunch with the important members of both families should be retained. This is important because sometimes, if much larger number of guests come, the material cooked would not be sufficient.

Most of the guests would like to meet the bride’s parents before they go. If palaharams and presents are to be distributed to them, arrangements should be made for the same.

If there is Nalangu this should be arranged in the afternoon. Though most of the bride’s party would be dead tired before evening, it is necessary to treat the groom and his guests in a befitting manner. They should be provided transport to the bus stand or railway station as and when they want it.

While all this is going on arrangements should be given a final shape to the nuptials. According to sastras it should be held in the boys house but now it is a custom to hold it on the day of marriage. It can either be held in brides home or in a convenient hotel. But it is essential that the views of the bridegroom and his parents be ascertained before arranging it in a hotel. Somebody should be put in charge of decorating the room and taking there, essentials like a lamp, milk to drink, flowers, fruits etc.

If bulk of the groom's guests depart on the same evening, it would be necessary to give them food packets for the way. The marriage contractor normally supplies this. It is a custom to supply Kattu Chadam to the departing guests of the groom's party.

Normally there is a feast for dinner on that day. But some people prefer simple meals. The wishes of the groom's party should be ascertained regarding this.

A few of the people accompanying the groom normally stay over to the next day. They should be well taken care of. If the Mandap has to be vacated, then they should be provided alternative accommodation.

On the next day tall the groom's party would depart. It is essential to give them Kattuchadam and also provide them transport.

It is also essential that some elder relatives accompany the bride and groom when they depart to their house. Arrangements for their reservation (if they are going by train) should be done well in advance.

In some cases the father in law (bride's father) foots the bill for the Honeymoon of the couple.
Again early arrangements for journey and stay has to be made.

(The author Shri P R Ramachander, a Retired Scientist with abiding interest in history, astrology, cartooning. Settled at Bangalore with two children in USA. Would be interested in answering questions about all aspects of Indian Culture. Free astrological consultations are given if horoscopes are sent. http://www.keralaiyers.com/index.html)

MARRIAGE PLANNING - Wedding Cards

Wedding Cards

Wedding cards are an important feature of Indian weddings. Lot of planning goes into the design and layout of a wedding card. All the invitations for the wedding ceremony are sent through these carefully chosen wedding cards. Upon finalisation of the date, time and venue of the wedding ceremony and other functions the same is communicated to all the friends and family members through the wedding cards. Gone are the days when invitations to wedding were a simple affair, these days lot of time and money is invested on the selection of a wedding card for invitation purposes.

Purpose of Wedding Cards

In its essence a Wedding Card or invite is a programme card, which specifies the date, time and venue of all the auspicious wedding events. Traditionally this is accepted as a cordial way of inviting friends and relatives. It is considered imperative that wedding card be well-designed and printed so that it extends a warm invitation and lures people to attend the wedding. Given well in advance for the wedding, invitation cards help guests to make proper arrangement for participation in wedding ceremonies.

Patterns Used in Traditional Wedding Card

Traditional and most widely used pattern in Indian Wedding Cards are the religious motives of Lord Ganesha, Om, Swastik, Palki or doli, Kalash with coconut etc. Of these, image of Lord Ganesh is highly popular and still an important part of the wedding card. Terracotta Ganesha painted silver and adorned with a floral border is a much sought after pattern in present times. In South India, wedding invites bearing deities of Tirupathi richly designed on maroon background with dangling tassels are very much in vogue.

The Muslim wedding cards usually have embossed writings from the Koran or depict a holy mosque embellished with ornamental borders. While the Christian wedding invites are usually simple. They usually bear the traditional symbols of love and commitment like a bride and a groom holding hands, or wedding bells, flowers and bouquets, wedding rings etc.

Latest Trends in Wedding Cards

Form and pattern of Wedding Cards have changed considerably in present times. People are being experimental and trying out patterns other than common illustrations of a young couple holding hands, the simple images of Gods, or the picture of entwined hearts. Thanks to the marvels of graphics and computer aided designs people are trying out innovative patterns in their wedding cards. Customized Wedding cards in metros are being adorned with the pictures of film stars, political figures and even photos of the to-be wedded couple in front of famous architectural buildings. The latest trend which is attracting the Kochiites is the card with a selected motif printed at the center of a cream or off-white background bordered with a set mundu border. The design is scanned from the traditional Kerala saree and printed which imparts a traditional Kerala touch to the card. Among other wedding invite styles are pearl finished card having picture of barat and Ganeshji engraved on it in golden color. Cards embellished with jewels and semi-precious stones are also popular in the higher-end range.

Types of Paper Used in Wedding Cards

Initially, wedding cards were made on smooth and simple paper but today they are made either of handmade paper; criss cross paper or foreign art paper. The cost of a wedding card varies with the type of paper used. A card made of handmade paper would cost more than one made of ordinary paper.

Size of the Wedding Cards

There are no set standard sizes for invitation cards. They could range from simple size of 10x15 cms to opulent XXL sizes of 25x30 cms. Some go in for cards with one, two or three or even more pages depending on the number of Wedding functions. The simplest form is the single card. It is at times adorned at the edge.

Cost of Wedding Cards

Cost of Wedding Cards vary tremendously in present times. Wedding invitations could range from Rs 6 to Rs 260 per card or even much more for cards embellished with jewels and stones. It all depends on the taste, style and the budget of the wedding party.

MARRIAGE PLANNING - TOE RINGS

Toe Rings

Toe rings, popularly called Bichhiyas in Hindi are small circular bands, made of metal that is worn on the toes. In India, toe rings carry a lot of social significance and are considered an important accessory for the married women. These days, a large number of college going youth wear them as stylish and trendy accessories.

Toe rings are usually made of silver and worn in pairs on the second toe of both feet. Traditionally they are quite ornate, though more contemporary designs are now being developed to cater to the demands of modern women. The toe rings are usually adjustable type and are available in a variety of designs and patterns and are great to show off with sandals or open-toe shoes. They are made with the base material as metal and often embellished with various other materials.

Highly stylized in contemporary times, toe rings are catching the fancy of all ages. Even men could not keep themselves away from this ornate piece of jewelry for long. A huge of toe rings is being designed for the metro sexual man of today.


Tradition of Toe Rings in India

Tradition of wearing toe rings carries tremendous social significance for married Hindu women in India. With age, designs and patterns of toe-rings have changed but it's relevance in the Hindu society has not altered. Even today these are very much a part of the bride's jewelry.

Symbol of Married Status of Indian Woman:

Toe rings, better known as bichiya in India, are a must for married Hindu woman. In Uttar Pradesh and Bihar, bichwa or toe rings is one of the most important symbols of marriage and women are encouraged to decorate each toe with different rings with myriad motifs ranging from paisley, to fish to flowers. In South India too, toe rings are a symbol of marriage and women wear a heavy ring on the second toe of each foot. Traditionally, toe rings are quite ornate, though more contemporary and simple designs are now being developed to cater to the requirements of modern bride.

Toe Rings are a Part of Traditional Sola Shringar:

During the Vedic times, Sanskrit texts laid down the concept of Sola Shringaar or the sixteen traditional accouterments with which every woman could adorn herself. These were carefully laid down for every part of body. Irrespective of class or economic status, these items of person grooming can be fashioned out of wood, glass, fresh flowers or precious jewels. Toe rings along with anklets were amongst the shringars to help women adorn their feet.

Bicchwas Not be worn by Unmarried Girls:

As Toe Rings or Bicchwas were considered to be symbolic of married woman, Hindu religion prohibits unmarried girls from wearing Bichhwas. Even in present times, girls refrain from wearing toe-rings before marriage.

Tradition of Wearing Silver and Not Gold Bichhiyas:

Traditionally, toe-rings are made of silver and not gold, this is because, the metal gold is held in high regard by the Hindus. It is believed that gold is the metal of gods and hence Hindus do not consider it appropriate to wear it below the waist. In present times though, this tradition is not followed very strictly and women can be seen wearing toe rings made of gold and diamonds.


Types of Toe Rings

Given here is a description of general characteristics of toe rings and types of toe rings available in the market. Please read on to find out which type of toe ring will best adorn your feet. With the growing market of toe rings, you are sure to find the perfect design to suit your personality and jewelry preferences!

General Characteristics:

Toe rings come in styles similar to rings worn on the fingers, but toe rings have a small gap on the bottom of the ring to allow them to slip over the tips of the toe more easily. The toe rings are usually adjustable type and are available in a variety of designs and patterns and are great to show off with sandals or open-toe shoes. They are made with the base material as metal and often embellished with various other materials. You can find beaded or woven toe rings, but anyone who has worn toe rings usually prefers metal, because it's smoother on the skin.

Toe Bands:

Toe Bands are usually designed for the big toes. Often rings complementing the bands are designed for the other toes. Toe bands look classy and the latest trends are sterling silver bands. The simple bands without embellishments are just right for day-to-day wear. But for parties bands can be embellished with diamonds or color studs. One can even try and have minakari bands as they are just right for Indian weddings or a simple line of diamonds on the band can also look very striking.

Amvat:

Traditional Indian toe ring for the big toe are called amvat. These are not so ornately designed as toe rings for other toes.

Double Toe Rings:

There are also double toe rings which cover the entire toe. These look quite ethnic, though they are not so comfortable to wear.

Men's Toe Rings:

Men's toe rings usually come in classic, refined bands of gold or platinum.

Customized Toe Rings:

These days, one can find customized toe rings for both him and her. Once can have words, name, zodiac signs or special symbols inscribed in their toe ring. Besides, one can have toe rings studded with their favorite or lucky stone.


Varieties of Toe Rings

Growing fad for toe rings is forcing manufacturers and designers to prepare toe rings in huge variety. Mentioned here are some popular varieties of toe rings available in the market.

Toe Rings with Motif:

Since ancient times toe rings always carried motifs. The traditional motifs used in toe rings include fishes, birds and flowers. But now the trend is changing. Contemporary style motifs are given a more abstract look and paisley is one of the hottest trend. Toe rings can also carry some odd shapes in oxidized polish.

Toe Rings with Different Shapes:

In modern times, lot of different shapes are being used for the toe rings. From wave shape to stripes, even the knotted look is very much in. Besides, toe rings are available in adjustable and non-adjustable styles. People with bold taste go in for bichhiyas with heart shapes and butterfly shapes. Even wired toe rings and basket weaves are getting popular with middle-aged women.

Toe Rings with Oriental Looks:

These days, oriental toe rings are very much in demand. Mostly people are preferring toe rings with oriental designs with a black and white combination for an unusual look. In some of the contemporary toe rings the bands and rings are on the broader side and motifs are from oriental culture.

Toe Rings Embellished with Stones:

To give people an option to match toe ring with their dress, lot of color stones especially opal and aqua color stones are being embellished on silver bands. This style is very classy and women from any age group can wear it, but the key is how to carry it.

Crystal Toe Rings:

Crystal toe rings are considered a perfect fashion accessory for evening wear, when teamed with crystal anklets. Here, silver bands are embellished with colorful crystals to give a fuller look to the toe rings. At present, colored crystal toe rings are widely is use. The hit colors in crystals being aqua blue and fuchsia pink.

Diamond Studded Toe Ring:

Those with royal taste are going for diamond studded gold toe ring with intrinsic carvings and broad borders with gold or diamond studs. But they are on the steeper side.

Painted Toe Rings:

Body paining is the latest fad these days. So, if you are creative, then try and paint your toe rings. You can try various colors and combinations. The best way to do this is to pick up plastic rings and paint them loud or one can even use subtle pastel colors.

Etched Toe Rings:

Etched toe rings are very rare and a rising trend amongst teenagers across the globe. Here, the band is etched and bright colors are used. Apart form alphabets a lot of motifs are also used. Fashion experts say, etched toe rings are best custom made and looks great in silver.


Contemproary Toe Rings


The ancient Indian practice of wearing toe rings is emerging as the new fad amongst fashion conscious youth the world over. In contemporary times, people are experimenting with innovative and stylish bichhiyas to adorn their feet in a stylish manner.

Toe Rings are a Trendy Fashion Accessory:

In the contemporary world of fashion, toe rings have emerged as the one of the hottest fashion accessories. As more attention is being given to the dressing of the foot, people are trying to make their own fashion statement by going in for funkier and more stylish toe-rings. A noticeable factor in this regard is that toe-rings are catching the attention of women of all ages. From teenagers to grandmothers, women are adorning their feet with the latest and more stylized toe rings. And, it is not just women in India or other South Asian countries (where tradition of wearing toe rings is old one) who are going crazy over toe ring but women in US and other western countries too are hugely attracted towards them. The advantage with toe rings is that they retain the funkiness of nose rings and other new jewelery, but do not require body piercing.

Contemporary Styles in Toe Rings:

Toe Rings are available in a wide and extensive range of contemporary designs and patterns to suit the taste and requirements of all. One can therefore go in for toe rings with delicate designs featuring hearts and flowers or toe rings with bold bands and designs. Besides, umpteen range of intrinsically carved rings and hand painted toe rings has also hit the market to cater to the demands of those who want to style their feet in the most creative manner. Another fad amongst fashionistas is to go in for toe rings embellished with gem stones and semi-precious stones.

Best Toe for Toe Rings:

A toe ring can be worn on any of the toes as there are no definite rules regarding where it should be worn. However, it has been noticed that second toe of either foot is where they are worn most commonly worn. Besides, some 'bichiya sets' may have pairs for four of the five toes, excluding the little pinky. Hence, one can be creative and conceive their own fashion statement regarding the decision to wear toe ring in which toe.

Toe Rings for Men:

It may be astonishing for some, but the truth is that more and more fashion savvy men are decorating their feet with designer toe-rings. Ranging from platinum, to gold, to not so expensive metal toe rings are available exclusively for men these days. Most men go in for flat and round fitting toe rings that look 'sexy' with casual floaters and swim wear.

MARRIAGE PLANNING - SINDOOR

MARRIAGE PLANNING – Sindoor

Sindoor is vermilion, powdered red lead, applied as a dot on the forehead, like the regular 'bindi' or in the parting of the hair by all married Hindu women. To those uninitiated to the tradition, the application of sindoor may appear ornamental, but to Indians, application of sindoor carry deep social significance. Most of all it indicates the married status of the Indian women. Sindoor applied in the parting of hair is also seen as the visible expression of a woman's desire and prayers for her husband's longevity.

Sindoor is first applied to a woman by the husband during the marriage ceremony. The custom called sindoor dani is one of the most important part of the Hindu wedding ceremony. Subsequent sindoor is applied by the wife as part of her dressing routine. Use of sindoor is prohibited for widows.

Tradition of wearing sindoor is said to have started 5000 years ago. Female figurines excavated at Mehrgarh, Baluchistan, show that sindoor was applied to the partition of women's hair even in early Harappan times. It is interesting to note that the ancient tradition has still not lost its charm and married ladies still consider it important to wear sindoor and carry forward the tradition.


History and Significance of Sindoor

Sindooor or vermilion holds lot of importance in Indian society. The tradition of application of sindoor in the parting of hair by married Hindu women is considered extremely auspicious and is being carried on since centuries.

Symbolic of Married Hindu Woman:


In traditional Hindu society, wearing sindoor is considered must for married Hindu women. It is a visible expression of their desire for their husbands' longevity. Traditionally therefore, widows did not wear vermilion.

Sindoor is applied for the first time to a Hindu woman during the marriage ceremony when the bridegroom himself adorns her with it. The ceremony is called Sindoor-Dana and is very much in vogue even in present times. Religious scholars say that there has been no mention of this ceremony before the Grihasutras hence it is considered to be a relatively new practice.

The tradition of wearing Sindoor by married women has been explained with the help of mythology. Scholars say that red is the color of power while vermilion is a symbol of the female energy of Parvati and Sati. Hindu mythological legends regard Sati as the ideal wife who gave her life for her husband's honor. Every Hindu wife is supposed to emulate her. Hindus believe that Goddess Parvati protects all those men whose wives apply vermilion to their parting of hair.

History of Sindoor:

Tradition of wearing Sindoor or vermillion is said to have traveled through more than 5,000 years of Hindu culture. Female figurines excavated at Mehrgarh, Baluchistan, show that sindoor was applied to the partition of women's hair even in early Harappan times. Besides, legends says that Radha, the consort of Lord Krishna, turned the kumkum into a flame like design on her forehead. In the famous epic Mahabharata, Draupadi, the wife of the Pandavas, is believed to have wiped her sindoor in disgust and despair. Use of Sindoor has also been mentioned in The Puranas, Lalitha Sahasranamam and Soundarya Lahharis.

Astrological Significance of Sindoor:

According to Hindu astrology, Mesha Rashi or the House of Aries is on the forehead. The Lord of Mesha is Mars and his color is red. It is believed to be auspicious. This is why red sindoor is applied at the forehead and at the parting of the hair. Both are signs of saubhagya (good fortune). Sindoor is also considered to be the symbol of the female energy of Parvati and Sati.

Use of Sindoor During Festivals:

Both Sindoor and kumkum have social and religious significance attached to them. In North India, it is customary for a husband to apply sindoor on his wife's forehead during important festivals such as Navaratri and Sankranti. Besides, Sindoor and kumkum are also offered to Gods mostly in temples dedicated to Shakti, Lakshmi and Vishnu.

Physiological Significance of Sindoor:

It is interesting to note that that the application of sindoor by married women carries physiological significance too. This is so because Sindoor is prepared by mixing turmeric-lime and the metal mercury. Due to its intrinsic properties, mercury, besides controlling blood pressure also activates sexual drive. This also explains why Sindoor is prohibited for the widows. For best results, Sindoor should be applied right upto the pituitary gland where all our feelings are centered.


Expert's Advice on Sindoor

These days, markets are being flooded with spurious sindoors which may be extremely harmful for the human body. Experts therefore advice caution in the use of sindoor and recommend consumers to use only good quality products.

Adulteration in the manufacturing of sindoor is mainly done to reduce the cost or production by using cheaper substitutes or to give the sindoor an attractive red color. Unfortunately, the consumers have to pay dearly for this compromise on quality by the sindoor manufacturers. Experts warn that a spurious quality sindoor can trigger hair loss, and even cause edema and erythema. When laced with Rhodamine B dye or mercury sulphite (used to get bright red color), sindoor may even cause hereditary disorders or skin cancer.

Experts therefore strongly recommend consumers to read the ingredients carefully before buying sindoor. But a sad factor is that branded sindoor and kumkum, even the liquid sindoor marketed by the reputed cosmetic company usually does not carry the mandatory label of ingredients. Adding to the toxicity problem are a flood of unbranded products on the markets. Even big shops in urban markets sell spurious or unbranded products without a list of ingredients. Authorities must therefore make it mandatory for the manufacturers to list the ingredients and reveal the harmful effects of it.

Beauty Experts advise consumers to discontinue the use of a particular brand of sindoor if rashes or hair loss is observed in the area of the application of sindoor. One must also visit the doctor in case of rashes occur and immediately get it treated to prevent the spread of infection.

To avoid the ill-effects of chemical sindoor and for safe use, beauty experts recommend the use of herbal sindoor. A Herbal sindoor is usually prepared with herbs and flowers such as hibiscus, marigold, safflower and sandalwood


Traditional Sindoor

Sindoor carries deep religious and social significance in Indian society. It is considered to be last of the traditional Solah Sringar or the 16 arts of embellishment of married Indian woman. Application of sindoor or vermilion in the parting of hair by woman not just enhances her beauty but also signifies her marital status. It is fascinating to note that even after 5000 years, the traditional Sindoor is very much in vogue. Married Indian women still consider it important to wear sindoor. Though many women wear it all times, most women wear sindoor especially on important occasions such as weddings or festivals.

Preparation of Sindoor:

While sindhoor was the ancient name given to the very toxic, red, mercury oxide, as a cosmetic, its most common base is turmeric powder which becomes red when mixed with lime juice or lime powder (calcium compound), moistened in water, or with alum, iodine and camphor, or with oil and sea shell powder (calcium salts), or aguru, chandan and kasturi. It can also be made of sandalwood mixed with musk, or from a mixture of saffron ground with kusumbha flower.

Color experts say that in olden days sindhoor was made with a special type of red marble stone, covered with turmeric and a little oil and left undisturbed for a few days, after which it turned into red powder. In Tamil language, turmeric powder is known as manjal and the final product is called manjal kunkumam.


Contemproary Sindoor

It is delightful to note that even after centuries, Sindoor has not lost its traditional charm. Vermilion or Sindoor is still very much an important part of sringar of a married Hindu women. Here we shall discuss some trends seen is the use of sindoor in contemporary times.

Sindoor being Sported by Men:

Recently, a surprising trend has been noticed in the use of sindoor. It is now being sported by men. In a fashion show held recently, a leading fashion designer made his male models wear thick and long streak of sindoor. The idea caught the attention and is being copied by other models.

Colorful Sindoor:

Yet another innovative method of using sindoor was noticed in a popular Hindi daily. Here a leading lady used to wear sindoor of a color that matched her dress. So if she wore a blue color saree the color of the sindoor would be blue, likewise yellow with a yellow saree.

Sindoors Laced with Chemicals:

Unfortunately, the menace of adulteration which is commonly observed in case of cosmetics has been noticed in the manufacturing of Sindoor too. Today, most modern cosmetic product manufacturers produce sindoor and kumkum from synthetic materials, lead, zinc and industrial dyes. It is also called red lead (Pb3O4). Manufacturers follow no single method. Some mix oxidized metals and substandard oil to bring about the texture. Now that sindoor is also available in liquid form, scientists worry that it would not be surprising if the red sindoor color was attained by adding Rhodamine B dye, which can induce hereditary disorders. Red is also being derived from mercury sulphite, which can cause skin cancer. All these toxic substances can trigger hair loss, edema and erythema. It is recommended that consumers read the ingredients used before buying sindoor.

Herbal Sindoor:

To give consumers a safer means to follow the tradition, some cosmetic giants in India have come up with Herbal Sindoor. Extremely safe to use, Herbal sindoor is prepared with precious herbs and flowers such as hibiscus, marigold, safflower and sandalwood. It is hoped that other sindoor manufacturers too will follow the example and provide non-toxic sindoor to the consumers.

Liquid Sindoors:

In this jet fast age when people want everything convenient and comfortable liquid sindoor is being preferred over traditional powder sindoor. Some times sindoor is also available in the stick like form. This type of sindoor is extremely convenient to apply and it does not cause any mess. Ladies who prefer to apply a trace of it on the forehead (as is the trend) prefer liquid sindoors.

Sindoor Daani:

Though liquid sindoor is being very much preferred, traditional Sindoor Daani does finds it due place in the dressing of the married women. Sindoor Danis or the container for keeping power sindoor comes in various contemporary and ethnic designs. Besides, having their social significance, sindoor daanis also carry tremendous artistic worth.

MARRIAGE PLANNING – Payal Ankle Bracelet

MARRIAGE PLANNING – Payal Ankle Bracelet


Payal, also known as anklets or ankle bracelet refer to ornaments that are worn around the ankle. Anklets are an important part of women's adornment in the Indian culture though they have also been found in other ancient cultures of Egypt and Middle East. Anklets are a part of ornamentation and has great spiritual and social significance. However, apart from their aesthetic value the basic motive of the anklet is to draw attention to the wearers legs and feet.

Payal, called 'pattelu' in Telugu is a significant part of bride's jewelry in India. Traditionally, the new bride announces her entry into her husband's house with the tinkling of he payal. Mostly, Indians prefer to wear payal made of silver, as gold is considered to be the metal of the gods. People in India, therefore, consider it disrespectful to wear gold on the lowermost part of the body. Many people though go in for gold-plated payals these days.

Anklets come in varying shapes and sizes in present times. From the traditional and rather delicate silver and gold chains, they have developed into beautiful threaded and beaded versions in wood, crystals, semi-precious stones and seashells.


Varieties of Payals

A significant part of woman's jewelry in India and even countries across the world, payal or anklets come in huge variety and patterns.

Flexible and Inflexible Anklets:

Anklets are broadly categorized into two types - flexible and inflexible. The flexible ones, often called 'pajeb' or 'jhanjhar' in India, are made by tying links in a chain. Usually reserved for wearing as part of a bridal trousseau, it covered the entire foot and was attached by hooks to toe rings. Subsequently, sonorous bells can be attached to the chain, in order to make pleasing sounds while walking. Inflexible payal require less skills to make are created by giving shape to a flat sheet. Flexible anklets are more popular in India.

Materials Used in Anklets:

Anklets can be made out of different types of materials, though these days gold anklets, sterling silver anklets, beaded anklets, magnetic anklets, diamond anklets etc are very popular worldwide.

Ideal Measurement of Anklet:

Ideally, an anklet needs to be at least two or three inches larger than the ankle size, so that the beads, bells and other embellishments fall right under the ankle bone. But then, there are exceptions, depending upon the outfit or footwear it must match with and the comfort level of the wearer.

Payal with Ethnic and Modern Looks:

Women go in for anklets with ethnic or modern look depending on their taste, the outfit they want to wear it with or the look they want to project. Ethnic payal may be heavy oxidized type with bells. For a modern and casual look one can opt for beaded anklets, gold anklets, diamond anklets or anklets made with gemstones.


Tradition of Payal in India

Since ancient times, payal or anklet has been an important jewelry for Indian woman. Even today this piece of traditional jewelry has not lost its charm a bit. Payals are still one of the most important fashion accessories of modern Indian women.

Gift for New Born Girls:

Silver payal in exquisite carving is one of the most popular and traditional gift for new born girls. Small tinkling bells are usually added to the baby payals so that when little girl learns to walk she delights everyone with the "chham chamm" of her payal. Attachment of young girls with payals is formed quite early thus and remains for life.

Wearing Payal on Traditional Occasions:

On traditional occasion such as festivals and weddings, most girls adorn their feet with designer payals. Most girls in India keep quite a collection of silver payals. These days ankle chains made of less precious materials like rubber, seashells, beads etc are very much in vogues. These are worn casually on family get together or outings.

An Important Part of Indian Bride's Jewellery:

Heavily crafted and designer payals are an important part of Indian bride's jewelry. Traditionally, the new bride announces her arrival in her husband's house with the tinkling sound of anklets.

Gift for the Bride:

Payals are considered to be traditional and auspicious gift for the new bride in India. Heavily carves payals or payals embellished with exquisite meenakari work are an all-time favorite gift for the newly weds.

Tradition of Wearing Silver and not Gold Payals:

Mostly, Hindu women prefer to wear payals made of silver and not gold. This is because Indians believe gold to be the metal of the gods and is therefore sacred. To wear it on the feet, the lowest part of the body, is considered to be an ill-omen and disrespectful.


Expert's Advice on Payal

For centuries, womenfolk have used payal or anklets to accentuate the beauty of their feet. Even in contemporary times, women across the globe wear anklets to attract attention on the lower part of their body. Given here are some tips from beauty experts on ways of wearing anklets to ensure maximum impact.

Best Time to Wear Payal:

Beauty experts say the best time to wear anklet is the spring or summer season. To a short summer dress or swimsuit, an anklet does wonders. With a swimsuit, a multi-colored neon thread anklet or an anklet made only of beads looks amazing.

Perfect Dresses for Anklets:

Anklets look extremely gorgeous when worn with dresses that leave ankles exposed. Dresses like capris, short skirts, shorts enable anklet to be displayed. Ankets also look enrapturing when worn with traditional Indian outfits like sarees and lehangas.

Perfect Footwear for Anklets:

Fashion experts observe that foot jewelry like anklets and toe rings look amazingly beautiful when worn with open-toed heels, sandals or flip-flops. Keep your feet pedicured and toe nails painted to amplify the impact of your designer payal!

Jewelry that Work Best with Anklets:

Anklets are fun when worn on their own but fashion experts say, they look even more stunning when worn in combination with a coordinating bracelet or necklace.


Contemporary Payal

The ancient tradition of wearing payal is still very much in vogue. Even today women love to draw attention to their feet with payals that have taken trendy new avatars to suit the taste and requirements of modern women.

Heavily Carved Anklets:

When it comes to wearing anklets with traditional Indian costumes like saree and lehangas, women still go in for ethnic payals. These come with exquisite carvings and magnificent designs. Trend for heavily carved ethnic Indian payals have been kept alive by Bollywood actresses who still love to team their heavy sarees and lehangas with heavy payals. Carved anklets are very much a part of the bridal jewelry in India.

Payals Studded with Gemstones:

Anklets studded with precious and semi-precious coloured gemstones are very much in trend. This allows women to match the color of the anklet with their dress. One can also go in for delicate graceful jewels like pearls and diamonds for a smart and cool look.

Gold Anklets:

Gold anklets come in huge variety to lure women with regal tastes. One can go in for stunning heavy gold payals or light weight anklet chain depending on the costume, preference and budget.

Anklets made of Less Precious Materials:

Anklets made from other less precious materials like plastic, rope and rubber are a great fad amongst young girls who consider these to be an important fashion accessory. Even older women are going in for such anklets due to their chic designs and comparatively much lower cost. Such causal anklets or ankle chains are very much in trend in western countries also.

Popular Types of Anklets:

Traditionally, women chose to wear flexible type anklets known as 'Pajeb' and 'Jhanjhar', which also produce tinkling sound. Other contemporary kinds of anklets consist of adjustable stretch anklets, delicate weave anklet, cherry anklets, locking anklets, floating ankle bracelets in designs of butterfly, stars, daisy and hearts.

Anklets with Matching Toe-Rings:

For heightened impact, fashionistas go in for the anklet and toe-ring sets. These days, markets are flooded with a commendably fabulous range of anklets and toe rings. They give you a chic look. These bridal foot jewelries flaunt your feet in the most elegant manner. Intricate designs in works of meenakari, kundan and beads do wonders.

Anklet in One Leg:

Fashion savvy youngsters all over the world have devised the trend of wearing anklet in one leg. They consider this trend ultra cool. There are no rules which define whether this anklet should be worn on right leg or left leg but it has been noticed that when wearing only one anklet most girls prefer to wear it on the right leg. A recent survey carried out in the United Kingdom revealed that most anklets are worn on the right ankle. The statistics were 87% right ankle and 13% left. Perhaps this is due to more people being right-handed.

MARRIAGE PLANNING - Earrings

MARRIAGE PLANNING - Earrings


An earring can be described as a piece of jewelery that is worn on the ear. Earrings are often made out of metal but can also be made out of bone or similar hard material. Earrings are worn by both genders, although they are generally more commonly worn by women. In present times, earrings is one of the most important fashion accessory for women. In several communities, women see it as a necessary part of women's semblance.

Earrings are attached to the ear through a piercing in the earlobe or some other external part of the ear. Locations, used other than the earlobe for piercings include the Rook, Tragus or across the Helix. The term 'ear piercing' refers to an earlobe piercing. Piercings in the upper part of the external ear are referred to as 'cartilage piercings.' Cartilage piercings are more complex to perform than earlobe piercings, and take longer to heal.

An object of ornamentation, earring are made out of number of materials, including metal, glass, precious stones and beads. Designs of earring range from bali (small loops) or studs to large plates or danglers or jhumkas. The size of earrings a person wears is generally limited by the physical capacity of the earlobe to hold the earring without tearing. People who habitually wear heavy earrings may find that over time, the earlobe and piercing stretch. It is seen that in parties of formal occasions women go in for larger and more prominent earrings. Men who like sport earrings usually wear studs or small loops.

In several south Asian countries, including India, there is a tradition of piercing the ears of newborn babies. The earrings are worn long into old age. While fancy, jeweled earrings are often reserved for evening wear, every other shape and style can be worn with any fashion, either casual or formal, night or day.

History of Earrings

Earrings are thought to have originated in Asia and the Middle East. Historians believe that both hoop and pendant earrings date back to about 2000 BC. Pierced earrings date back to ancient Egypt around 1500 BC.

Origin of Earrings in India:

Indians have been wearing earrings as a tradition since ancient times. It is said that the wearing of earrings is, along with the animistic origins of the Saiva and other Indo-Aryan religions, of great antiquity. The clearest example of the original intention as an animistic fetish is found in the practice of the Kanphata Yogis of India, a sub-sect of Saiva ascetics named from the practice of splitting their ears and placing a large earring made of agate, horn or glass, about two and a quarter ounces in weight, in the ear as a symbol of their initiation. Later, earrings gained popularity and were turned a fashion accessory. They eventually, grew into a tradition.

Evolution of Earrings in Europe:

At the time of the origin, earrings were considered a sign of wealth and prosperity, as only affluent women could afford the precious metals of which earrings were made. Throughout the Dark Ages and Middle Ages, women were usually too poor to own earrings and up until late in the Renaissance, earrings were looked upon as flashy and inappropriate for proper women.

Earrings became popular again in 17th century Europe as styles changed and new ideas were adopted. By the middle of the 20th century, earrings of all shapes and sizes were more popular than ever, though there was a clear distinction between more conservative earrings worn during the day, and the more ostentatious earrings worn in the evenings. In the 1970s, pierced earrings gained popularity and at the same time, styles merged and were no longer segregated to either day or night wear. While the popularity of earrings has risen and fallen over the years, they have always been a part of fashion.

Superstitious Beliefs Regarding the Origin of Earrings:

· According to legend, evil spirits were thought to be able to enter the body through any of its openings and take control. The first earrings were probably worn to bar the way to these spirits.

· According to another folklore pierced earrings help to strengthen weak eyes. If set with emeralds, they are particularly effective. Gold earrings are often worn by those wishing to cure headaches, though some say to wear one gold earring and one silver for this purpose.

· Back in the days of sailing ships and pirates a man would wear an earring if he had survived a shipwreck, typically a gold hoop, and that is where we get the classic pirate image from.

· One historian attributes the piercing to the desire to punish the ears for overhearing what they should not hear. The earrings, in turn, were the consolation for the pain and suffering. It was believed that the more decorative and expensive the earrings, the greater the consolation.

Tradition of Earrings in India

Since ancient times, men and women in India have been adorning their ears with earrings for ornamental or spiritual reasons. Over the years, the tradition of earrings in India has strengthened and today it is customary for women in most communities to have their ears pierced at an early age.

Spiritual Significance of Ear Lobes:

From ancient times, long ear lobes have been regarded as a sign of spiritual development and superior status. Among the distinguishing marks of the Buddha, and a sign of his greatness, were his large ear lobes. Homer and Aristotle reputedly also had the same characteristic.

In ancient times severed ears were offered to the Mother Goddess as a substitute for the male organs. In Egypt devotees offered their ears to the goddess Isis, and till the early decades of the Christian era, sculpted ears were offered at the shrine of the Great Mother in other parts of the Middle East.

Karnavedha:

Karnavedha or the practice of wearing earrings is one of the Hindu Sanskars (sacraments) performed for a child. It is an ear piercing ceremony that occurs in the third or fifth year for some Hindu children. Karnavedham is done with a particular thorn. Butter is applied to the wound. In several communities Karnavedha is applicable to both male and female children.

Yogis (most commonly those of Natha tradition) follow the practice of stretching the piercings to stimulate the psychic nerves connected to the ears.

Earrings Considered Auspicious for Married Women:

Since earliest times, wearing ear ornaments by married Indian women has been considered auspicious. Besides, earrings were considered to be a symbol of woman's wealth and her status in society. Elongated ear lobes were considered a sign of beauty and wealth - the longer the lobe, the greater the woman's wealth. By appending ornaments to almost every part of the ear, the woman also ensured a continuous state of mental and physical well being.

Karn Phool - The Ear Flowers:

Ancient Prakrit and Sanskrit literature describe girls wearing fresh flowers in their ears. A range of floral earrings of gold, silver or precious stones that have been popular over the centuries in India suggest that the forms of flowers were translated into precious jewelry. A type of flower known as the karnphul, i.e., 'ear-flowers' is considered particularly auspicious. Karn Phools are an large, round metal flower-form earring, with a central stud at the back being the equivalent of a flower stem.

Scholars believe that the choice of the flower as the inspiring shape for earrings is not without significance. Flowers are considered natural erotic stimulants, by virtue of their association with Kama, the God of love, besides these are considered a concise symbol of nature, condensing into a brief span of time the cycle of birth, life, death and rebirth. In addition, flowers also reflects gentleness, youth, spiritual perfection and innocence, qualities which are but the fundamental attributes of feminine character.

Therapeutic Significance of Wearing Earrings:

Recent studies have identified the ear as a microcosm of the entire body. Some even say the point of vision in acupuncture is situated in the center of the lobe. Hence the practice of wearing earrings is thought to have some therapeutic value. Besides, in certain places, ear piercing was believed to be good for the eyes. It also sharpened the mind and drew off 'bad humors'.

Tradition of Earrings in Contemporary Times:

In present times, tradition of wearing earrings is extremely strong in India. These are considered to be an extremely important fashion accessory by the women. These days, girls go in for inexpensive colorful metal earrings, which they change daily according to their dress. These artificial earrings are easily available in huge variety on road side stalls. But on formal occasions like weddings, festivals and other important occasions, ladies like to adorn their ears with gold, silver, pearl or diamond earrings. These days men, wear earrings to carry a styles statement. Usually men go in for small studs or balis.

Types of Earrings

Earring are considered to one of the most essential type of jewelry. Earrings are of various types to suit the varying requirements of a wearer. However, earrings are available in two basic types

- pierced and clip-on, and from there they branch out into a wide variety of shapes and styles. Regardless of the type, modern standard pierced earrings have two primary means of attachment - posts and wires.

Different Types of Earrings:

Given here is a description of various types of earrings commonly available in present times.

Stud Earrings:

Stud earrings are worn as everyday wear by both women and men. Chief characteristic of stud earrings is the appearance of floating on the ear or earlobe without a visible (from the front) point of connection. Studs are invariably constructed on the end of a post, which penetrates straight through the ear. The post is held in place by a removable friction back or clutch. Occasionally, the stud earring is constructed so that the post is threaded, allowing a screw back to securely hold the earring in place. This is useful in preventing the loss of expensive earrings containing precious stones or made of precious metals.

Hoop Earrings:

Hoop earrings, popularly known as 'baali' or 'baliyan' in Hindi are circular or semi-circular in design, and look very similar to a ring. They are often constructed of metal tubing, with a thin wire attachment that penetrates the ear. The hollow tubing is permanently attached to the wire at the front of the ear, and slips into the tube at the back. The entire device is held together by tension between the wire and the tube.

Hoop Earrings are also quite popular. Hoop earring can be of following types:

· Some hoop designs do not complete the circle, but penetrate through the ear in a post, using the same attachment techniques that apply to stud earrings.

· A variation is the continuous hoop earring. In this design, the earring is constructed of a continuous piece of solid metal, which penetrates through the ear and can be rotated almost 360°. One of the ends is permanently attached to a small piece of metallic tubing or a hollow metallic bead. The other end is inserted into the tubing or bead, and is held in place by tension.

· One special type of hoop earring is the 'sleeper earring'. This is a very small continuous piece of (typically) gold wire which essentially hugs the base of the earlobe with the ends connecting in the back. Because their small size makes them comfortable, sleepers are sometimes worn at night to keep an ear piercing from closing.

· Yet another type is spring hoop earrings. These are almost indistinguishable from standard hoop earrings and stay in place by means of spring force.

· The Kashmiri Brahmin women wear jewels on long strings, hanging from the inner soft cartilage of the ears that is locally called, the atteroo.

Dangle Earrings or Jhumkas:

Dangle earrings called 'jhumka' in Hindi are designed to flow from the bottoms of the earlobes. These are available in various lengths from a centimeter or two, to jhumkas reaching the shoulders. They are generally attached to the ear by the use of thin wires, which go through the earlobe and connect to themselves in a small hook at the back. A variation is the French hook design, which merely hangs from the earlobe without closure, although small plastic retainers are sometimes used on ends of French hooks. Rarely, dangle earrings use the post attachment design. Long ornate danglers are usually worn on formal occasions.

Slave Earrings:

Yet another type of earring is the slave earring. In this a stud is connected by a delicate chain to an ear cuff or a cartilage pierce worn higher on the ear. This looks extremely ornate and is worn by Indian women on traditional occasions such as wedding. This also helps to divide weight in case of heavy danglers.

Clip-on Earrings:

Clip-on earrings have existed longer than any other variety of non-pierced earrings. They are designed with a tension clip that attaches them to the body by pinching the earlobe. Once extremely popular with American women, they began to fade with the rising popularity of pierced earrings in the 1960s and 1970s, and are now relatively rare.

Ear Cuff:

An ear cuff is a curved band of metal that is pressed onto the helix of the ear. It stays on by pinching the ear.

Magnetic Earrings:

Magnetic earrings simulate the look of a (pierced) stud earring by attaching to the earlobe with a magnetic back that hold the earring in place on by magnetic force.

Stick-on Earrings:

Stick-on earrings are adhesive-backed items which stick to the skin of the earlobe and simulate the look of a (pierced) stud earring. They are considered a novelty item.

Experts Advice on Earrings

Jewelery is a very personal affair and you have to feel comfortable wearing your choice. However, here are a few guidelines from beauty experts that will help you to decide on that perfect earring that will add to your beauty and overall semblance.

Tips on Wearing Earrings According to Dress:

· The easiest way to go about choosing earrings is to first decide what color blends well with your dress.

· The style of your dress takes the next step in eliminating what you don't want. For example, if you have chosen a shade of red or brown, the best jewelry to go with this would be gold, while if you have chosen pastels, or the fabric used for your dress is Chiffon, Georgette, etc, you can opt for pearls, diamonds or precious stones set in silver as they add a delicate and fragile flavor to your dress.

· The style of your dress also determines the design of your jewelry. A very trendy outfit requires trendy accessories to justify it. If you are planning to go ethnic then you can pick tribal or very antique, like the 'jadao', designs for your earrings.

· And if you belong to the category that believes in the minimalist look, then you can pick up small to large studs ranging from ethnic to totally nouveau.

Tips on Wearing Earrings According to Face Shape:

Fashion experts suggest that one should also take into consideration one's face shape and hair style before deciding on the earring.

· A pair of large earrings on an elfin face will overpower the face's fine features.

· Similarly, over-large earrings with a short hair cut can look unbalanced.

· Long hair can hide a discreet earring so something more dramatic may be called for.

· A long neck can carry off a long chandelier or drop earring but this style will emphasize a short neck. If you're not a swan, choose a short drop earring instead.

· Hair worn piled up on the head adds height and lengthens the neck. This is an ideal opportunity to wear a drop or danglers!

· Consider the neck wear you have chosen and balance the earring. A dramatic statement necklace requires a discreet, minimal earring. If no necklace is being worn then the earrings can take centre stage.

· Stud earrings suit most face shapes and are practical for everyday.